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auto parts air conditioning compressor

auto parts air conditioning compressor

According to different working methods, automobile air-conditioning compressors can generally be divided into reciprocating and rotary types. Common reciprocating compressors include crankshaft connecting rod type and axial piston type, and common rotary compressors include rotary vane type and scroll type. formula.

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According to different working methods, automobile air-conditioning compressors can generally be divided into reciprocating and rotary types. Common reciprocating compressors include crankshaft connecting rod type and axial piston type, and common rotary compressors include rotary vane type and scroll type. formula.

1. Rotating vane compressor

 

There are two types of cylinder shapes for rotary vane compressors, circular and elliptical. In a circular cylinder, there is an eccentricity between the main shaft of the rotor and the center of the cylinder, so that the rotor is close to the suction and exhaust holes on the inner surface of the cylinder. In an elliptical cylinder, the main axis of the rotor coincides with the center of the ellipse.

 

The blades on the rotor divide the cylinder into several spaces. When the main shaft drives the rotor to rotate once, the volume of these spaces continuously changes, and the refrigerant vapor also changes in volume and temperature in these spaces. The rotary vane compressor has no suction valve, because the vane can complete the task of sucking and compressing refrigerant. If there are 2 blades, the main shaft rotates once and there are 2 exhaust processes. The more blades, the smaller the discharge fluctuation of the compressor.

 

As a third-generation compressor, because the volume and weight of the rotary vane compressor can be small, it is easy to arrange in a small engine compartment, and combined with the advantages of low noise and vibration and high volumetric efficiency, it is also used in automobile air conditioning systems. Get a certain application. However, rotary vane compressors require high machining accuracy and high manufacturing costs.

 

2. Scroll compressor

 

This type of compressor can be called a fourth-generation compressor. The structure of scroll compressor is mainly divided into two types: static and dynamic type and double revolution type. At present, the dynamic and static applications are the most common. Its working parts are mainly composed of a dynamic turbine and a static turbine. The structures of the dynamic and static turbines are very similar. Both are composed of end plates and involute scroll teeth extending from the end plates. , The two are eccentrically arranged with a difference of 180°. The static turbine is stationary, while the moving turbine is driven by the crankshaft to rotate and translate eccentrically under the constraint of a special anti-rotation mechanism, that is, there is no rotation but only revolution.

 

Scroll compressors have many advantages. For example, the compressor is small in size and light in weight, and the eccentric shaft that drives the moving turbine can rotate at a high speed. Because there is no suction valve and exhaust valve, the scroll compressor operates reliably, and it is easy to realize variable speed movement and variable displacement technology. Multiple compression chambers work at the same time, the gas pressure difference between adjacent compression chambers is small, the gas leakage is small, and the volumetric efficiency is high. Scroll compressors are widely used in the field of small refrigeration due to their compact structure, high efficiency and energy saving, low vibration and low noise, and working reliability. Therefore, they have become one of the main directions of compressor technology development.

 

3. Axial piston compressor

 

Axial-piston compressors can be called second-generation compressors. The most common ones are rocker type or swash plate type compressors, which are the mainstream products in automobile air-conditioning compressors.

 

The main components of the swash plate compressor are the main shaft and the swash plate. The cylinders are arranged circumferentially with the main shaft of the compressor as the center, and the movement direction of the piston is parallel to the main shaft of the compressor. The pistons of most swash plate compressors are made as double-headed pistons. For example, in an axial 6-cylinder compressor, 3 cylinders are at the front of the compressor, and the other 3 cylinders are at the rear of the compressor. The double-headed pistons slide one after the other in the opposed cylinders. When one end of the piston compresses the refrigerant vapor in the front cylinder, the other end of the piston sucks the refrigerant vapor in the rear cylinder. Each cylinder is equipped with a high and low pressure gas valve, and a high pressure pipe is used to connect the front and rear high pressure chambers. The swash plate is fixed with the compressor main shaft, the edge of the swash plate is fitted in the groove in the middle of the piston, and the piston groove and the edge of the swash plate are supported by steel ball bearings. When the main shaft rotates, the swash plate also rotates, and the edge of the swash plate pushes the piston to make an axial reciprocating movement. If the swash plate rotates once, the front and back two pistons each complete a cycle of compression, exhaust, expansion, and suction, which is equivalent to the work of two cylinders. If it is an axial 6-cylinder compressor, 3 cylinders and 3 double-headed pistons are evenly distributed on the section of the cylinder block. When the main shaft rotates once, it is equivalent to the effect of 6 cylinders.

 

The swash plate compressor is relatively easy to achieve miniaturization and light weight, and can achieve high-speed operation. It has compact structure, high efficiency and reliable performance. After realizing variable displacement control, it is currently widely used in automobile air conditioners.

 

4. Crankshaft connecting rod compressor

 

Axial-piston compressors can be called second-generation compressors. The most common ones are rocker type or swash plate type compressors, which are the mainstream products in automobile air-conditioning compressors.

 

The main components of the swash plate compressor are the main shaft and the swash plate. The cylinders are arranged circumferentially with the main shaft of the compressor as the center, and the movement direction of the piston is parallel to the main shaft of the compressor. The pistons of most swash plate compressors are made as double-headed pistons. For example, in an axial 6-cylinder compressor, 3 cylinders are at the front of the compressor, and the other 3 cylinders are at the rear of the compressor. The double-headed pistons slide one after the other in the opposed cylinders. When one end of the piston compresses the refrigerant vapor in the front cylinder, the other end of the piston sucks the refrigerant vapor in the rear cylinder. Each cylinder is equipped with a high and low pressure gas valve, and a high pressure pipe is used to connect the front and rear high pressure chambers. The swash plate is fixed with the compressor main shaft, the edge of the swash plate is fitted in the groove in the middle of the piston, and the piston groove and the edge of the swash plate are supported by steel ball bearings. When the main shaft rotates, the swash plate also rotates, and the edge of the swash plate pushes the piston to make an axial reciprocating movement. If the swash plate rotates once, the front and back two pistons each complete a cycle of compression, exhaust, expansion, and suction, which is equivalent to the work of two cylinders. If it is an axial 6-cylinder compressor, 3 cylinders and 3 double-headed pistons are evenly distributed on the section of the cylinder block. When the main shaft rotates once, it is equivalent to the effect of 6 cylinders.

 

The swash plate compressor is relatively easy to achieve miniaturization and light weight, and can achieve high-speed operation. It has compact structure, high efficiency and reliable performance. After realizing variable displacement control, it is currently widely used in automobile air conditioners.

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